Citrulline is an unusual amino acid resulting from an enzymatically posttranslationally modified arginine residue. Citrulline is present on a few human proteins, including filaggrin. Recently, a an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed, to detect autoantibodies against a cyclic variant of a citrullinated peptide (CCP) (197).
Anti-CCP antibodies are reported to be significant predictors of RA and to useful for the (early) diagnosis of RA (198 – 202).
Citrulline antibody is an antibody that binds to a non-standard amino acid (citrulline) that is formed by removing amino groups from the natural amino acid, arginine.
Research suggests that in the joints of patients with rheumated arthrits, proteins may be changed to citrulline as part of the process that leads to inflammation of the rheumatoid joint. Citrulline antibody has also been referred to as anti-citrulline antibody, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, and anti-CCP
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(ANCA)
